What describes an immunologic reaction to a drug that can range from mild to severe?

An immunologic reaction to a drug that can vary in severity is best described as a drug allergy. This type of reaction occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies a medication as a harmful substance. The immune system then mounts a response, which can manifest in a variety of ways.

In mild cases, symptoms may include rashes or itching, while more severe reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. This variability in response—from mild allergic reactions to severe life-threatening episodes—characterizes the phenomenon of drug allergies.

In contrast, drug toxicity refers to harmful effects occurring from excessive doses of a medication, drug dependency involves physical or psychological reliance on a substance, and drug interactions result from how different drugs may affect each other's efficacy and safety when taken together. Understanding the nuances of a drug allergy is critical for nursing practice, as it directly impacts patient safety and treatment plans.