Which branch of science studies the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts?

The branch of science that focuses on studying the structure of the body and the relationship between its various parts is anatomy. Anatomy examines the physical structures of organisms, including the arrangement, organization, and relationships of different tissues and organs. It provides a foundational understanding of how the body is built, which is essential for further study in areas like physiology, where the functions of these structures are explored.

By understanding anatomy, healthcare professionals can better comprehend how body systems interact and support each other, which is crucial for diagnosing and treating medical conditions. This knowledge also assists in surgical procedures, medical imaging, and anatomy education. The distinction from other related fields emphasizes anatomy's unique focus on structural relationships, setting it apart from physiology—which studies functions, histology—which involves microscopic examination of tissues, and biochemistry—focusing on chemical processes within and related to living organisms.