Which hormone is known to increase blood sugar levels?

Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. When blood glucose levels drop, glucagon is released into the bloodstream to stimulate the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose. This process, known as glycogenolysis, increases the amount of glucose released into the bloodstream, thereby raising blood sugar levels. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, further contributing to higher blood sugar levels.

Understanding the role of glucagon is essential for managing conditions such as diabetes, where the regulation of blood sugar is vital. In contrast, insulin decreases blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells, while cortisol and adrenaline can influence blood sugar levels but in a more complex manner, predominantly increasing them in response to stress or low energy availability.